A new gas-cycle architecture built aroundIsochoric Equalization™

At piston dwell, the working volume connects to a matched rigid heat-exchanger volume. During a controlled equalization event, heat transfers at substantially constant combined volume while gas may flow transiently in both directions. The event is completed after the exchanger inventory substantially returns, and the working charge then re-expands to recover work. One architecture, four machines: open or closed, refrigerator or engine.

Compress the working charge, connect it to a matched rigid heat-exchanger volume at piston dwell — heat crosses at substantially constant combined volume, with substantially zero net change in exchanger inventory over the completed event — then re-expand the charge to recover mechanical work.

*Z is the compressibility factor — the correction for real-gas behavior. Z ≈ 1 treats the working gas as ideal, a good approximation for air-like gases at these conditions.

Refrigeration, rethought

A gas-based cooling cycle that runs as a sealed closed loop or as an open cycle — benchmarked head-to-head, with published assumptions, against the vapor-compression systems in use today.

Heat engines, rethought

The same architecture runs in reverse as a heat engine — in open or sealed closed-cycle form — converting heat into mechanical work from the same core equalization step.

Run the numbers

Invited reviewers get a full interactive calculator — real refrigerant property data, side-by-side comparisons. Inspect every assumption.